Dicalcium Phosphate

White powder that can be used to create abrasive formulations (think gritty exfoliating scrubs)

May also be formulated in a non-abrasive way for use as an opacifying agent in makeup

Can inhibit the transfer/smearing of makeup

Popular in oral care products, such as toothpaste.

Dicalcium phosphate is a white powder that can be used to create an abrasive texture for skin care formulations (think gritty exfoliating scrubs). When used this way, it can be problematic for skin, causing tiny micro-tears. As such, it is not recommended.

In other more popular capacities, dicalcium phosphate can be formulated in a way that allows it to work as an opacifying agent in cosmetic blends and it may also inhibit the transfer/smearing of makeup—minus the abrasive effects. When used this way, it is not concerning for skin.

Commercial dicalcium phosphate is not a chemically discrete entity but rather a mixture of varying amounts of dicalcium and monocalcium phosphates, phosphoric acid, and calcium carbonate (chalk), depending on the origin of the raw material and procedures employed in its production.

In 2021, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel deemed dicalcium phosphate safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics when formulated to be nonirritating. Their report looked at up to 10% concentration for leave-on formulations and 47.7% for rinse-off products.

Fun fact: Dicalcium Phosphate is used as a mineral supplement in cereals and other foods. This ingredient is also popular in oral care products, such as toothpaste, where it adds opacity.