md:multiactive Firming Toner

Estimated level

30–80%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.

Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

Hamamelis Virginiana Leaf Extract is the extract of the leaves of the Witch hazel, Hamamelis virginiana L., Hamamelidaceae

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent, Solvent, Preservative

3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

Ethanol

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent

4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Surfactant

5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Active

6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice is the juice expressed from the leaves of the aloe, Aloe barbadensis, Liliaceae

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant

8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Sodium 5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Occlusive, Soothing

9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Urea, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Active, pH adjuster

10th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent

11th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Propane-1,2-diol

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Antioxidant, Preservative

12th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Disodium disulphite

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Preservative

13th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

1-[1,3-bis(Hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl]-1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Preservative

14th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Preservative

15th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Fragrance / colour

16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Parfum is a term for ingredient labelling used to identify that a product contains a material or a combination of materials normally added to a cosmetic to produce or to mask a particular odour. According to Article 19 of the Cosmetics Regulation, 'Perfume and aromatic compositions and their raw materials shall be referred to by the terms ‘parfum’ or ‘aroma’. '