-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Citrus Limon Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Lemon, Citrus limon (L.), Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
5th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Phenoxyethanol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
6th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- PLoS One, October 2016, ePublication
- Contact Dermatitis, May 2016, pages 281-288
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2013, pages 5S-21S
- Personal Care, 2008, pages 1-4
- Cosmetic Science Technology, 2006, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent, Preservative
7th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Alcohol Denat. is ethyl alcohol that is denatured with one or more denaturing agents in accordance with the national legislation of each European Community (EU) country.
Alcohol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
8th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
9th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete, December 2017, pages 987-993
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2014, pages 277-287
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2012, pages 20-23
- DermatoEndocrinology, July-December 2012, pages 253-258
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2011, pages 990-1000
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Melissa Officinalis Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Balmint, Melissa officinalis L., Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cymbopogon Citratus Extract is the extract of the whole plant of the Lemon Grass, Cymbopogon citratus, Poaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Mandarin orange, Satsuma, Citrus unshiu, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Aurantium Dulcis Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Sweet Orange, Citrus aurantium L. var. dulcis L., Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Carica Papaya Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Papaya, Carica papaya L., Caricaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Tricholoma Matsutake Extract is an extract of the Mushroom, Tricholoma Matsutake
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Occlusive, Antioxidant, Plant extract
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cordyceps Sinensis Extract is an extract of Cordyceps sinensis
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Paradisi Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Pisum Sativum Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Pea, Pisum sativum L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycine Soja Seed is an extract of the Soybean, Glycine soja, Leguminosae
Anti-Aging
Hydration
Evens Skin Tone
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Vitis Vinifera Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Grape, Vitis Vinifera L., Vitaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive, Antioxidant, Plant extract, Preservative
21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Saururus Chinensis Leaf/Root Extract is the extract of the leaves and roots of Saururus chinensis, Saururaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Arnica Montana Flower Extract is an extract of the dried flower heads of the arnica, Arnica montana L., Asteraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Artemisia Absinthium Extract is an extract of the whole herb of the Wormwort, Artemisia absinthium L., Compositae
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Broussonetia Kazinoki Bark Extract is the extract of the bark of Broussonetia kazinoki, Moraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant, Plant extract
25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Coptis Chinensis Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Coptis chinensis, Ranunculaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Castor oil (Ricinus communis), hydrogenated, ethoxylated (60 mol EO average molar ratio)
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol 2-propenyl ether
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, pH adjuster
28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic acid
Smooths Bumpy Skin
Evens Skin Tone
Anti-Aging
4 scientific references
- Molecules, April 2018, ePublication; and February 2010, pages 824-833
- Journal of the German Society of Dermatology, July 2012, pages 488-491
- Skin Therapy Letter, November-December 2008, pages 5-9
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 76–87
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, pH adjuster
29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Acetic acid, hydroxy-
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Smooths Bumpy Skin
5 scientific references
- Molecules, April 2018, 23(4), ePublication
- DNA Cell Biology, February 2017, pages 177-187
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2015, pages 21-26
- BioMed Research International, 2015, Volume 2015
- Dermatology Research and Practice, February 2015, Volume 2015
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active, pH adjuster
30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Hydration
9 scientific references
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, April 2020, pages 116-126
- International Journal of Dermatology, March 2019, ePublication
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, October 2018, pages 491-497
- International Journal of Dermatology, September 2018, ePublication
- Molecules, April 2018, ePublication
- Journal of the American Dental Association, April 2016, pages 255-263
- Cutis, January 2016, pages E9-E11
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, November 2010, pages 135-142
- The Journal of Dermatology, January 2006, pages 16-22
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
pH adjuster
31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-, monosodium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
35th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium 5-amino-4-hydroxy-3-(phenylazo)naphthalene-2,7-disulphonate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
36th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Parfum is a term for ingredient labelling used to identify that a product contains a material or a combination of materials normally added to a cosmetic to produce or to mask a particular odour. According to Article 19 of the Cosmetics Regulation, 'Perfume and aromatic compositions and their raw materials shall be referred to by the terms ‘parfum’ or ‘aroma’. '