Mandelic Acid Dark Spot Correcting Serum

Estimated level

30–80%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.

Water

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate; Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent

3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Active

5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Occlusive

6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Castor oil, polymer with 5-isocyanato-1-(isocyanatomethyl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexane

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent

7th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol 2-propenyl ether

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

8th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Eclipta Prostrata Extract is an extract of the herb, Eclipta prostrata L., Compositae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

9th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Coccinia Indica Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of Coccinia indica, Cucurbitaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Occlusive, Texture agent

10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

C10-30 alkyl propenoate, polymer with propenoic acid, butenoic acidand/or alkyl propenoates, product with propenyl sucrose ether or propenyl 2,2-dihydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Surfactant, Texture agent

11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Xanthan gum

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Antioxidant

12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

pH adjuster

13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Active, Preservative

14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-hydroxy-

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Chelator

15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Myo-Inositol, hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate), sodium salt

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Emollient, Active, Antioxidant

17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

L-ascorbic acid, tetraisohexadecanoate

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Active

18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Hyaluronic acid

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Soothing

19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

(R*,R*)-.alpha.,4-dimethyl-.alpha.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)cyclohex-3-ene-1-methanol; 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (theta,theta)-(+/-)-; 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (S-(theta,theta))- (levomenol)

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Neem Tree, Melia Azadirachta L., Meliaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of Ocimum sanctum, Labiatae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Neem Tree, Melia azadirachta L., Meliaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent

23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7) (R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Curcuma Longa Root Extract is an extract of the rhizomes of the Turmeric, Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Corallina Officinalis Extract is an extract of the Alga, Corallina officinalis L., Corallinaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Glycine, N-(N-L-.gamma.-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)-

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Surfactant

28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Lecithins, hydrogenated

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Cynanchum Atratum Extract is the extract of the whole plant Cynanchum atratum, Apocynaceae.