1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Numbuzin
No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum
face serum
Numbuzin
face serum
Added Last edited
Fit by skin type
General, ingredient-based — not your personalized match.
See how this fits your skin
Take the skin test and I'll show you how suitable this product is for you.
Take the skin testA fast-absorbing, gentle blue retinol serum designed for beginners that delivers powerful pore-minimizing effects, improves skin texture, and softens the appearance of fine lines with less irritation than traditional retinol.
No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum is a lightweight serum from Numbuzin, a brand based in Korean. The formula is built mainly around hydration and soothing. The ingredient list runs to 63 ingredients, each broken down in full below.
By its ingredient list the formula reads as light: water and humectants lead, with emollients kept lower in the order. The oils in it point to a dewy, emollient finish rather than a matte one. Hydration is handled by Butylene Glycol, Propanediol and Glycerin, humectants that pull water into the upper layers of skin rather than sealing it there.
Hydration: Very high. Ingredients that pull and hold water in the upper layers of skin, and here that comes from Butylene Glycol, Propanediol, Glycerin and Panthenol.
Soothing: High. Ingredients aimed at visible redness and reactivity, and here that comes from Panthenol, Centella Asiatica Callus Extract, Centella Asiatica Extract and Niacinamide.
Barrier support: Moderate. Lipids and repair signals that support skin barrier integrity, and here that comes from Niacinamide, Panthenol, Lecithin and Hydrogenated Lecithin.
Oil control: Moderate. Ingredients that moderate sebum or absorb shine, and here that comes from Niacinamide, Salicylic Acid, Silica and Dextrin.
On richness alone it suits Balanced skin best, and is the least natural fit for Dry and Combination (dry) skin. Nothing in the list is flagged as a common irritant, which is a reasonable starting point for reactive skin — though a patch test is still the only way to know.
The formula contributes little or nothing on antioxidant protection. That is not a fault — most products are not meant to do everything — but if one of those is your priority, this is not the product that will address it.
Reading the full list, the formula is fragrance-free, essential-oil-free, no drying alcohol, paraben-free, silicone-free and microplastic-free. Those claims come from the ingredient list itself, not from the packaging.
It can be used morning and evening. In a routine it goes after toner, before moisturiser. Apply to clean, dry skin and give it a minute to absorb before the next layer. Introduce one new treatment at a time so you can identify what is working.
This summary is generated from the product's ingredient list. It is not a review, it is not the brand's own marketing claims, and it does not replace advice from a dermatologist.
Drawn purely from the ingredient list
Scored on how rich or light the formula reads from its INCI order.
No ingredient in this formula carries a common-irritant flag, making it a reasonable option for reactive skin. A patch test is still recommended, as individual skin reactivity varies.
Based on the curated benefits documented for this product's ingredients.
Attracts and locks in moisture to keep skin plump and dewy
Boosts collagen and cell turnover to reduce fine lines and wrinkles
Calms redness, irritation, and inflammation for sensitive skin
Targets breakouts by reducing bacteria and unclogging pores
Regulates sebum production to reduce shine and greasiness
Tightens and refines the look of enlarged pores
Helps unclog pores and reduce blackheads for clearer skin
Brightens and balances complexion for a more uniform appearance
None of the ingredients in this formula are associated with these benefits. This is not unusual, as most products are designed to target a limited number of concerns.
The actives, UV filters and benefit-carrying ingredients in this formula, in the order they are listed.
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7) (R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
1,2-Dihydroxypentane
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
alpha-D-Glucopyranoside, 2-Hydroxy-1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethyl
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate; Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris[.omega.-hydroxy-
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Salicylic acid
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Collagens, hydrolyzates. Substance obtained by acidic, alkaline, or enzymatic hydrolysis of hoofs and horns composed primarily of amino acids, peptides, and proteins. It may contain impurities consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and lipids along with smaller quantities of miscellaneous organic substances of biological origin.
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol
Each axis is scored from the ingredients present and how high up the list they sit.
Ingredients that pull and hold water in the upper layers of skin
Lipids and repair signals that support skin barrier integrity
Ingredients that mop up free radicals from UV and pollution
Ingredients that moderate sebum or absorb shine
Ingredients that act on uneven tone and post-inflammatory marks
Ingredients aimed at visible redness and reactivity
Retinoids, acids and enzymes that speed surface turnover
Peptides and growth factors that signal for collagen support
"Active" here means an ingredient carrying a recorded active type or a recognised UV filter.
Solvents, emollients, texture agents and preservatives — the formula that carries the actives.
Read from the full ingredient list. A brand's own claim may differ.
Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil
Judged by the same curated rules our routine checker uses. It reads the ingredients, not the label.
Best kept to separate routines — one in the morning, one at night, or on alternate days.
Best kept to separate routines — one in the morning, one at night, or on alternate days.
Best kept to separate routines — one in the morning, one at night, or on alternate days.
Best kept to separate routines — one in the morning, one at night, or on alternate days.
Best kept to separate routines — one in the morning, one at night, or on alternate days.
Can be layered, but the combination raises the irritation risk. Go slowly.
Can be layered, but the combination raises the irritation risk. Go slowly.
This product is the "Treat" step.
Flags to check, not verdicts. None of this is medical advice — if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or treating a skin condition, ask a doctor.
Most ingredients do more than one job, so these counts add up to more than the 63 ingredients on the label.
Botanical material, usually for antioxidants or scent
Sets the thickness, spread and stability of the formula
Draws water into the upper layers of skin
Forms a film that slows water loss
Lifts oil and dirt, or holds oil and water together
Softens and smooths by filling gaps between skin cells
Dissolves and carries everything else
Changes how skin behaves rather than how it feels
Neutralises free radicals from UV and pollution
Sets the acidity the formula needs to work
Binds trace metals that would otherwise spoil the formula
Loosens or dissolves dead surface cells
Keeps the product free of microbial growth
Calms visible redness and irritation
Amino-acid chains that signal for repair or firmness
Every ingredient on the label, in order, with what it does and roughly how much of it is likely to be there.
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7) (R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,1'-Oxydipropan-2-ol; Oxydipropan-2-ol; Hydroxypropyloxypropanol
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
1,2-Dihydroxypentane
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
alpha-D-Glucopyranoside, 2-Hydroxy-1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethyl
9th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate; Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris[.omega.-hydroxy-
12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-carboxymethyl-.omega.-hydroxy-, C12-14-isoalkyl ethers, sodium salts (7 mol EO average molar ratio)
13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Salicylic acid
15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Calcium chloride
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Collagens, hydrolyzates. Substance obtained by acidic, alkaline, or enzymatic hydrolysis of hoofs and horns composed primarily of amino acids, peptides, and proteins. It may contain impurities consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and lipids along with smaller quantities of miscellaneous organic substances of biological origin.
17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Gellan gum
18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,5'-Diallyl-4,2'-Dihydroxybiphenyl
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol
20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polyoxyethylene (24) Polyoxypropylene (13) Decyltetradecyl Ether
21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hydrolyzed Sclerotium Gum is the hydrolysate of Sclerotium Gum derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis
22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Chlorella Vulgaris Extract is an extract of the Alga, Chlorella vulgaris, Oocystaceae
23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glucose
24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Cape Jasmine, Gardenia Florida L., Rubiaceae
25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine
26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Acacia Senegal Gum is the dried, gummy exudate of the acacia, Acacia senegal, Leguminosae
27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Panax Ginseng Adventitious Root Extracellular Vesicles are the extracellular vesicles released into and isolated from the growth media removed from cell cultures of the adventitious roots of Panax ginseng, Araliaceae.
28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dextrin
29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins. The complex combination of diglycerides of fatty acids linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid
30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cynanchum Atratum Extract is the extract of the whole plant Cynanchum atratum, Apocynaceae.
31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silicon dioxide
32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Centella Asiatica Callus Extract is the extract of the callus of Centella asiatica grown in culture; Apiaceae.
33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil is the fixed oil obtained from the nuts of the Bushnut, Macadamia ternifolia, Proteaceae. It consists primarily of the glycerides of the fatty acids
35th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Retinol; vitamin A
36th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins, hydrogenated
37th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Althaea Rosea Flower Extract is the extract of the flowers of the hollyhock, Althaea rosea, Malvaceae
38th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Brassica Campestris Sterols is a mixture of sterols obtained from the Cabbage, Brassica campestris L., Brassicaceae
39th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycine
40th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cholest-5-en-3-ol (beta)-
41st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, dodecanoates (1:1) (10 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
42nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
N-Dodecanoylglutamic acid, esters with (3-.beta.)-sigmast-5-en-3-ol, docosanol, and 2-octyldodecanol
43rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-yl acetate
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Aluminum magnesium hydroxide and stearic acid
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, 2,2-bis[[3-[3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-1-oxopropoxy] methyl]-1,3-propanediyl ester
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1-hexadecanol, phosphate, potassium salt
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycine Soja Oil is the oil obtained from the soybean, Glycine soja, Leguminosae, by extraction or expression. It consists esentially of triglycerides of oleic, linoleic and saturated acids
48th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Propanedioic Acid, [(4-Hydroxy-3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)Methylene]-, Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Ester
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
TRIS Buffered Saline is a buffer solution containing Tromethamine and Hydrochloric Acid.
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Centella Asiatica Extract is the extract of the whole plant Hydrocotyl, Centella asiatica L., Apiaceae
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Copper Tripeptide-1 is a copper complex of Tripeptide-1
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl ether
55th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Trisodium citrate
56th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Neem Tree, Melia Azadirachta L., Meliaceae
57th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Coccinia Indica Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of Coccinia indica, Cucurbitaceae
58th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Neem Tree, Melia azadirachta L., Meliaceae
59th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Aloe Barbadensis Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the aloe, Aloe barbadensis, Liliaceae
60th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Solanum Melogena Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Eggplant, Solanum melongena L., Solanaceae
61st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of Ocimum sanctum, Labiatae
62nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Corallina Officinalis Extract is an extract of the Alga, Corallina officinalis L., Corallinaceae
63rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Curcuma Longa Root Extract is an extract of the rhizomes of the Turmeric, Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae
Products in the same category that share this formula's distinguishing ingredients.
Anua
Shares 11 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Glycereth-26, Niacinamide, Glycerin, Caprylic/capric Triglyceride
Medicube
Shares 10 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Propanediol, Niacinamide
Arencia
Shares 10 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Propanediol, Glycereth-26, Glycerin, Niacinamide
Eqqualberry
Shares 10 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Butylene Glycol, Glycereth-26, Niacinamide, Glycerin
Arencia
Shares 9 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Propanediol, Niacinamide
Numbuzin
Shares 9 key ingredients with No.3 Blue Bio-Retinol Pore Refining Serum: Water, Glycereth-26, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Niacinamide
WATER, NIACINAMIDE, BUTYLENE GLYCOL, PROPANEDIOL, GLYCERIN, DIPROPYLENE GLYCOL, PENTYLENE GLYCOL, GLYCERYL GLUCOSIDE, 1,2-HEXANEDIOL, CAPRYLIC/CAPRIC TRIGLYCERIDE, GLYCERETH-26, SODIUM C12-14 SEC-PARETH-8 CARBOXYLATE, POLYSORBATE 20, SALICYLIC ACID, CALCIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROLYZED COLLAGEN, GELLAN GUM, HONOKIOL, PANTHENOL, PPG-13-DECYLTETRADECETH-24, HYDROLYZED SCLEROTIUM GUM, CHLORELLA VULGARIS EXTRACT, GLUCOSE, GARDENIA FLORIDA FRUIT EXTRACT, ADENOSINE, ACACIA SENEGAL GUM, PANAX GINSENG ADVENTITIOUS ROOT EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES, DEXTRIN, LECITHIN, CYNANCHUM ATRATUM EXTRACT, SILICA, CENTELLA ASIATICA CALLUS EXTRACT, ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN, MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED OIL, RETINOL, HYDROGENATED LECITHIN, ALTHAEA ROSEA FLOWER EXTRACT, BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS STEROLS, GLYCINE, CHOLESTEROL, POLYGLYCERYL-10 LAURATE, PHYTOSTERYL/BEHENYL/OCTYLDODECYL LAUROYL GLUTAMATE, TOCOPHERYL ACETATE, ALUMINUM/MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE STEARATE, PENTAERYTHRITYL TETRA-DI-T-BUTYL HYDROXYHYDROCINNAMATE, POTASSIUM CETYL PHOSPHATE, GLYCINE SOJA OIL, DIETHYLHEXYL SYRINGYLIDENEMALONATE, TOCOPHEROL, TRIS BUFFERED SALINE, CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT, COPPER TRIPEPTIDE-1, CITRIC ACID, HYDROXYETHYLCELLULOSE, SODIUM CITRATE, MELIA AZADIRACHTA FLOWER EXTRACT, COCCINIA INDICA FRUIT EXTRACT, MELIA AZADIRACHTA LEAF EXTRACT, ALOE BARBADENSIS FLOWER EXTRACT, SOLANUM MELONGENA FRUIT EXTRACT, OCIMUM SANCTUM LEAF EXTRACT, CORALLINA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT, CURCUMA LONGA ROOT EXTRACT.
NIACINAMIDE, SALICYLIC ACID, PANTHENOL, RETINOL, COPPER TRIPEPTIDE-1, CITRIC ACID.
Use daily, both morning and night. Be sure to use sun protection during the day after applying this product.
Judged on how rich the formula reads from its ingredient list, it suits Balanced skin best. It is the least natural fit for Dry, Combination (dry) skin.
No ingredient in this formula carries a common-irritant flag, making it a reasonable option for reactive skin. A patch test is still recommended, as individual skin reactivity varies.
4 ingredients could feed malassezia: Polysorbate 20, Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Oil, Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate, Aluminum/magnesium Hydroxide Stearate. That describes the yeast's food supply, not a prediction that they will cause a breakout.
It contains Retinol, Salicylic Acid, which are usually reviewed with a doctor during pregnancy. Ask your doctor or midwife before using it.
Yes. Reading the full ingredient list, this formula is fragrance-free.
No. Reading the full ingredient list, this formula is no drying alcohol.
Yes. Reading the full ingredient list, this formula is silicone-free.
No. Reading the full ingredient list, this formula is essential-oil-free.
Yes. Reading the full ingredient list, this formula is paraben-free.
It layers well with Copper peptides, Bakuchiol, Niacinamide, Hyaluronic acid, Ceramides, Signal peptides. Take more care combining it with Retinoids (retinol, retinal), AHAs (glycolic, lactic), BHA (salicylic acid), PHAs (gluconolactone), Benzoyl peroxide, Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), Azelaic acid — use them in separate routines or on alternate days.
Use it morning and evening, after toner, before moisturiser.
It lists 63 ingredients, of which 6 are recorded as actives.
Numbuzin, a brand based in Korean.
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