-
Estimated level
- 10–40%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 10–40% of the formula.
Citrus Junos Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruits of Citrus junos, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**
Soothing
Anti-Aging
Pore Minimizer
15 scientific references
- International Journal of Dermatology, February 2021, pages 166-173
- Biomolecules & Therapeutics, July 2019, pages 562-569
- Experimental Dermatology, February 2019, pages 15-22
- Dermatologic Therapy, September 2017, ePublication
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, May 2017, page S116
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, March 2017, pages 158-162
- Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, May 2016, pages 145-152
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, July 2015, pages 405-412
- Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, June 2014, pages 311-315
- International Journal of Pharmacy, January 2013, pages 192-201
- Dermatoendrocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2005, pages 1-31
- Dermatologic Surgery, July 2005, pages 860-865
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, October 2004, pages 231-238
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 88-93
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate;
Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 34-35
- Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 2014, pages 43-48
- International Journal of Toxicology, January 2003, pages 4-5
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, January 2000, pages 79-98
- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, August 1985, pages 303-311
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Texture agent
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
C6-14-alkenes, homopolymers, hydrogenated
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
(R*,R*)-.alpha.,4-dimethyl-.alpha.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)cyclohex-3-ene-1-methanol;
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (theta,theta)-(+/-)-;
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (S-(theta,theta))- (levomenol)
Soothing
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2019, pages 299-303
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2017, pages 24S-25S
- Cutis, November 2015, pages 337-342
- Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2014, pages 173-181
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, October 2011, pages 2580-2585
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
7th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol 2-propenyl ether
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
8th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
L-Arginine
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Biobased Surfactants (Second Edition), 2019, pages 413-445
- Scientific Reports, February 2016, pages 1-10
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2012, pages 1-35
- Journal of Advanced Research, July 2010, pages 169–177
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, April 2005, page 139
- Wound Repair and Regeneration, November-December 2003, pages 419-423
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
9th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Brassica Campestris Seed Oil is the oil expressed from the seeds of the rapeseed (Cabbage), Brassica campestris L., Brassicaceae; Rape oil
Hydration
Anti-Aging
1 scientific reference
- British Journal of Nutrition, May 2002, pages 489-499
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Xanthan gum
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- PLoS One, October 2016, ePublication
- Contact Dermatitis, May 2016, pages 281-288
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2013, pages 5S-21S
- Personal Care, 2008, pages 1-4
- Cosmetic Science Technology, 2006, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine
Soothing
8 scientific references
- PubChem, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, September 2020, pages 1-38
- Experimental Dermatology, August 2014, pages 553-554
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, August 2011, pages 526-546
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2006, pages 447-451
- British Journal of Pharmacology, October 2008, issue 4, pages 475-486
- PloS One, May 2008 (ePublication)
- >International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2006, pages 447-451
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Junos Peel Oil is the volatile oil obtained from the peel of Citrus junos, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Melia Azadirachta Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Neem Tree, Melia Azadirachta L., Meliaceae
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ocimum Sanctum Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of Ocimum sanctum, Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Soothing, Plant extract
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, isodecanoates (1:2) (3 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Colloids and Surfaces, June 2017, pages 279–286
- International Journal of Toxicology, August 2023, pages 5S–101S
- Scientific Reports, March 2023, pages 1–14
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Melia Azadirachta Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Neem Tree, Melia azadirachta L., Meliaceae
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Curcuma Longa Root Extract is an extract of the rhizomes of the Turmeric, Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Corallina Officinalis Extract is an extract of the Alga, Corallina officinalis L., Corallinaceae
Hydration
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Althaea Officinalis Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Marsh Mallow, Althaea officinalis L., Malvaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Toxics, April 2022, pages 1–9
- Phytotherapy Research, March 2021, pages 1, 389–1, 398
- Frontiers in Pharmacology, March 2020, pages 1–14
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, February 2016, pages 1–9
- Advances in Dermatology and Allergology, June 2013, pages 170–177
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Oryza Sativa Bran Extract is the extract of the bran of the Rice, Oryza sativa L., Poaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid is the organic compound.
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Dark Spot Fading
5 scientific references
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine, September 2021, pages 151–169
- Life, May 2021, pages 1–13
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, December 2019, pages 1–9
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, July-August 2018, pages 233–243
- AAPS PharmSciTech, June 2016, pages 767–777
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins, hydrogenated
Hydration
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Nanocosmetics, June 2019, pages 95–140
- Current Drug Delivery, 2016, pages 111–120
- Pharmaceutical Research, February 2013, pages 538–55
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Plant extract
28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ficus Carica Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Fig, Ficus carica L., Moraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Punica Granatum Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Pomegranate, Punica granatum L., Punicaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
6 scientific references
- The Journal of Dermatological Treatment, December 2021, pages 983-990
- Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, December 2020, pages 477-486
- Frontiers in Pharmacology, May 2018, ePublication
- Oncology Reviews, January 2018, ePublication
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, June 2010, pages S72-S81 and June 2009, pages S5-S9
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, January 2002, issue 1, pages 166-171
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant, Plant extract
30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Morus Alba Fruit Extract is an extract obtained from the fruits of the White Mulberry, Morus alba L., Moraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ginkgo Biloba Nut Extract is an extract of the seeds of Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgoaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Soothing
4 scientific references
- Journal or Agricultural and Food Chemistry, June 2010, pages 7013-7020
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, November 2001, pages 1212-1217
- Canadian Family Physician, July 2006, pages 855-856
- Dermatologic Surgery, April 1999, pages 311-315
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, octadecanoates (1:1) (10 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol
Hydration
Soothing
7 scientific references
- The Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2019, pages 534-547
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, January 2019, pages 346-354
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, March 2018, pages 1-51
- The Journal of Dermatological Treatment, August 2017, pages 173-180
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2011, pages 361-370
- American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, Volume 3, 2002, pages 427-433
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Antioxidant
35th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
L-Ascorbic acid, 2-(dihydrogen phosphate), trisodium salt
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Dark Spot Fading
7 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, January 2021, pages 174-180
- Pharmaceutics, December 2018, ePublication
- Annals of Dermatology, August 2015, pages 376-382
- Chemical Society of Pakistan, March 2013, pages 1, 096-1, 102
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, June 2005, pages 171-176
- International Journal of Toxicology, Supplement 2, March 2005, pages 51-111
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, April 2003, pages 65-73
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
36th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1H-Thieno[3,4-d]imidazole-4-pentanoic acid, hexahydro-2-oxo-, [3aS-(3a.alpha.,4.beta.,6a.alpha.)]-
Anti-Aging
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
37th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Folic acid
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
38th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-; vitamine B6
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
39th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cyanocobalamin; Vitamine B12
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
40th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (9Z, 12Z)-
Anti-Aging
Hydration
6 scientific references
- https://wwwcir-safetyorg/sites/default/files/facids042019finalreppdf
- Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, January 2018, pages 21-28
- https://thedermreviewcom/linoleic-acid/
- Dermatology Research and Practice, 2012, pages 9231-9234
- Archives of Dermatological Research, 1998, issue 7, pages 375-381
- Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 1998, issue 2, pages 56-58
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
41st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Riboflavin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
42nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
.beta.,.beta.-carotene
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
43rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-Cyclohexanehexol
Hydration
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Thiazolium, 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-, chloride, monohydrochloride
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent, Fragrance / colour
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1-Methyl-4-Isopropenylcyclohexene; dipentene
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,7-Dimethyl octa-1,6-diene-3-ol
Allergen