-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Irish Moss
Hydration
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**
Soothing
Anti-Aging
Pore Minimizer
15 scientific references
- International Journal of Dermatology, February 2021, pages 166-173
- Biomolecules & Therapeutics, July 2019, pages 562-569
- Experimental Dermatology, February 2019, pages 15-22
- Dermatologic Therapy, September 2017, ePublication
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, May 2017, page S116
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, March 2017, pages 158-162
- Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, May 2016, pages 145-152
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, July 2015, pages 405-412
- Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, June 2014, pages 311-315
- International Journal of Pharmacy, January 2013, pages 192-201
- Dermatoendrocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2005, pages 1-31
- Dermatologic Surgery, July 2005, pages 860-865
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, October 2004, pages 231-238
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 88-93
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Humectant, Emollient, Occlusive, Antioxidant, Plant extract, Preservative
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Tea, Camellia sinensis, Theaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive, Texture agent
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Ceratonia Siliqua Gum is the ground seed of the ripe fruit of St. John's Bread (carob), Ceratonia siliqua L. (Locust bean), Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
1,2-Dihydroxypentane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- https://thedermreviewcom/pentylene-glycol/
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, July 2017, pages 106-111
- Prospector, June 2015, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, October 2012, pages 147S-168S
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Octane-1,2-diol
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Plant extract
9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Lavandula Angustifolia Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Lavender, Lavandula angustifolia, Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
10th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Monarda Didyma Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Bee Balm, Monarda didyma L., Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
11th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba Gum is a resinous material derived from the ground endosperm of the Guar, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
12th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Mentha Piperita Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Peppermint, Mentha piperita (L.), Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
13th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Freesia Refracta Extract is an extract of the plant, Freesia refracta, Iridaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
14th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Chamomilla Recutita Flower Extract is an extract of the flowerheads of the matricaria, Chamomilla recutita (L.), Compositae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract, Preservative
15th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
16th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Lactobacillus Ferment is the product obtained from the fermentation of Lactobacillus.
Hydration
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
17th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Saccharomyces Ferment is obtained by the fermentation of Saccharomyces
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
18th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Paeonia Lactiflora Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Peony, Paeonia lactiflora, Ranunculaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Soothing, Plant extract
19th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
20th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Polygonum Multiflorum Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Polyginum, Polygonum multiflorum, Polygonaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
21st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Phellinus Linteus Extract is an extract of the Mushroom, Phellinus linteus, Hymenochaetaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
22nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Morus Alba Extract is an extract of the bark of the White Mulberry, Morus alba L., Moraceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant, Plant extract
23rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Sophora Flavescens Root Extract is the extract of the roots of Sophora flavescens, Fabaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Occlusive, Antioxidant, Plant extract, Preservative
24th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Cimicifuga Racemosa Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Black Cohosh, Cimicifuga racemosa, Ranunculaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing, Plant extract
25th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Sesamum Indicum Seed Extract is an extract of the seeds of the Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., Pedaliaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
26th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Angelica Gigas Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Angelica gigas, Apiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Soothing, Plant extract
27th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Scutellaria baicalensis, Lamiaceae
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, September 2019, pages 1, 353-1, 369
- PLoS One, February 2017, ePublication
- Science Bulletin Beijing, July 2016, pages 1, 391-1, 398
- Planta Medica, June 2013, pages 959-962
- The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, December 2011, pages 1, 613-1, 623
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
28th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Citrus Nobilis Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Mandarin Orange, Citrus nobilis, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
29th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Cupressus Sempervirens Leaf/Stem Extract is an extract of the leaves and stems of the Cypress, Cupressus sempervirens L., Pinaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing, Plant extract, Preservative
30th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Hedera Helix Leaf/Stem Extract is an extract of the leaves and stems of the Ivy, Hedera helix L., Araliaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
31st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil is the psoralen-free volatile oil obtained from the fruit of Citrus aurantium L. var. bergamia, Rutaceae; Oils, bergamot; bergamot oil bergaptene free
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
32nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil is the volatile oil obtained from the berries of the Litsea cubeba, Lauraceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
33rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Ribes Nigrum Leaf Extract is an extract obtained from the leaves of the Black Currant, Ribes nigrum L., Saxifragaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
34th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
35th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
2-ethylhexane-1,3-diol
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Solvent
36th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
37th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Ricinus Communis Seed Oil is the fixed oil obtained from the seeds of Castor, Ricinus communis, Euphorbiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
38th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- PubChem Compound Summary, April 2021, ePublication
- SpecialChem, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, June 2018, pages 1-73
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, May 2013, pages 81-86
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
39th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Pinus Sylvestric Leaf Extract is an extract of the needles of the Scotch Pine, Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
40th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, dodecanoates (1:1) (10 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
41st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Calcium chloride
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Soothing
42nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Urea, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-
Soothing
8 scientific references
- Chemistry Series, March 2020, pages 7-21
- Molecules, June 2019, pages 1-33
- European Journal of Pharmacology, February 2018, pages 68-78
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, June 2017, Volume 76, Issue 2, Supplement 1
- Pharmacognosy Review, Volume 5, July-December 2011
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2010, Supplement, pages 84S-97S
- Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, October 2008, ePublication
- https://wwwaccessdatafdagov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearchcfm?CFRPart=347&showFR=1
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
43rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Potassium chloride
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-,p-Hydroxyacetophenone
Anti-Aging
Hydration
4 scientific references
- Journal of Oleo Science, February 2019, pages 183-191
- Applied Environmental Microbiology, June 2018, ePublication
- Journal of Biosciences, May-June 2004, pages 345-353
- Scientific Reports, April 2021, pages 1–7
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
48th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Illicium Verum Fruit Extract is an extract obtained from the fruits of the Star Anise, Illicium verum, Illiciaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Soothing
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sucrose
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, pH adjuster
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Calcium dilactate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
.alpha.-d-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3.beta.,20.beta.)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-.beta.-d-glucopyranuronosyl-, dipotassium salt
Soothing
Dark Spot Fading
8 scientific references
- How to Care for Red, Sensitive Skin
- 7 Best Products for Sensitive Skin
- Skincare Tips for Calming Redness
- Skin-Soothing Ingredients
- How the Paula’s Choice CALM Collection Works
- The Best Moisturizers for Sensitive Skin
- The Best Ways to Treat Acne and Sensitive Skin
- Skin Care for Extremely Dry, Sensitive Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Texture agent
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Titanium dioxide (CI 77891)
Anti-Aging
10 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, February 2021, pages 532-537
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, June 2020
- Journal of Nanoparticle Research, March 2020
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, November 2019, pages 34-46
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, November 2019, pages 442-446
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September 2019, pages 223-234
- Materials, July 2019, pages 1-24
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine, April 2011, pages 58-67
- Skin Therapy Letter, July-August 2008, pages 5-7
- Environmental and Health Perspectives, July 2008, pages 893
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Fluorphlogopite, Mg3K[AlF2O(SiO3)3] (synthetic)