The Vitamin C 23 serum

Estimated level

30–80%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.

Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Active, Antioxidant, pH adjuster

2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

Ascorbic acid

Estimated level

5–20%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent, Solvent

3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.

1,3-dihydroxypropane

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Emollient, Occlusive

4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Dimethicone

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

pH adjuster

5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-

Estimated level

2–10%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Active

6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.

Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Emollient

8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-

Estimated level

1–5%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent

10th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.

Sodium chloride

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Active

11th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt

Estimated level

1–3%

Confidence

Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line

Roles

Antioxidant, Preservative

12th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.

Sodium sulphite

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent, Chelator

13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Glycine, N-(N-L-.gamma.-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)-

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

N-acetyl-.alpha.-D-glucosamine

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Cape Jasmine, Gardenia Florida L., Rubiaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Occlusive, Soothing

18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Urea, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent

19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Dextrin

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

UV filter

20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Tocotrienol

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Antioxidant

21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Emollient

22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Elaeis Guineensis Oil is a natural oil obtained from the fruits of the Palmoil Tree, Elaeis guineensis, Palmaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent

23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7) (R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

L-Arginine

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Active

25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

1,2-Dihydroxypentane

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Texture agent, Solvent, Preservative

27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Alcohol Denat. is ethyl alcohol that is denatured with one or more denaturing agents in accordance with the national legislation of each European Community (EU) country.

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Emollient

28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil is the oil expressed from the seeds of the Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., Compositae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Emollient, Soothing, Plant extract

29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Leguminosae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Solvent

30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

1,1,1,3,5,5,5-Heptamethyl-3-(trimethylsilyloxy)trisiloxane

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Carthamus Tinctorius Seed Oil is the oily liquid obtained from the seeds of Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., Compositae. It consists principally of the triglycerides of linoleic acid

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Emollient

32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Camellia Japonica Seed Oil is the fixed oil expressed from the seeds of the Camellia, Camellia japonica L., Theaceae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

Roles

Plant extract

33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Carrot, Daucus carota L. var. sativa, Umbelliferae

Estimated level

under 1%

Confidence

Moderate — listed below the 1% line

34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.

.beta.,.beta.-carotene