-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
Hydration
Silicone
4 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, February 2016, pages S67-S76
- Environmental International, November 2015, pages 55-63
- International Journal of Toxicology, December 2011, pages 149-227
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,2-Dihydroxypentane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- https://thedermreviewcom/pentylene-glycol/
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, July 2017, pages 106-111
- Prospector, June 2015, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, October 2012, pages 147S-168S
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Dimethicone
Hydration
Silicone
7 scientific references
- FDA Code of Federal Regulations, April 2020, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2014, pages 65S-115S
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, May 2014, pages 36-44
- Dermatologic Therapy, May 2012, pages 229-233
- Clinics in Dermatology, May-June 2012, pages 345-348
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, January 2008, pages 19-33
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2000, pages 77-80
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,1,1,3,5,5,5-Heptamethyl-3-(trimethylsilyloxy)trisiloxane
Hydration
Silicone
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane; Hydrocarbons, C4, 1,3-butadiene-free, polymd., triisobutylene fraction, hydrogenated
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
1,1'-Oxydipropan-2-ol; Oxydipropan-2-ol; Hydroxypropyloxypropanol
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
10th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy- (75 mol EO average molar ratio)
Hydration
3 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed September 2021, ePublication
- Toxicology, November 2005, pages 1-38
- Journal of The American College of Toxicology, 1993, pages 429-457
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
11th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Cyclosiloxanes, dimethyl, polymers with dimethyl, methyl hydrogen siloxanes and vinyl-group terminated dimethylsiloxanes
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
12th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
4-[(3-Acetoxypropyl)amino]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutane-1,3-diyl diacetate
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
13th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
1,1,1,3,5,5,5-Heptamethyl-3-octyl-trisiloxane
Hydration
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
14th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Propane-1,2-diol
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Archives of Dermatological Research, November 2019, pages 337-352
- Critical Reviews in Toxicology, April 2013, pages 363-390
- International Journal of Toxicology, September-October 2012, pages 245S-260S
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Physiology, 2001, pages 72-81
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
15th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent
16th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris[.omega.-hydroxy-
Hydration
2 scientific references
- Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, February 2020, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, March 2019, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
17th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
SilIcones and siloxanes, dimethyl, hydropoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl methyl, trimethylsilyl terminated (10 mol EO average molar ratio)
Hydration
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
18th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Ammonium, [1-carboxy-2-(2-mercaptoimidazol-4-yl)ethyl]trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L-(+)-
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
7 scientific references
- Experimental Gerontology, December 2022, pages 1–11
- Processes, July 2021, pages 1–13
- Redox Biology, June 2021, pages 1–10
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, March 2021, pages 1–11
- Experimental Cell Research, March 2021, ePublication
- Polymers, January 2021, pages 1–9
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, pages 1–13
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract, Texture agent
19th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Chondrus Crispus Extract is an extract of the carrageenan, Chondrus crispus, Gigartinaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
20th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete, December 2017, pages 987-993
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2014, pages 277-287
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2012, pages 20-23
- DermatoEndocrinology, July-December 2012, pages 253-258
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2011, pages 990-1000
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
21st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Retinol, 9,12-octadecadienoate, (Z,Z)-
Pregnancy Unsafe
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
22nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-yl acetate
Anti-Aging
Soothing
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
23rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Glycine Soja Oil is the oil obtained from the soybean, Glycine soja, Leguminosae, by extraction or expression. It consists esentially of triglycerides of oleic, linoleic and saturated acids
Anti-Aging
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Phytotherapy Research, March 2020, pages 435-437
- AAPS PharmSciTech, October 2018, pages 3, 029-3, 039
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, February 2018, pages 28-37
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, December 2017, ePublication
- Molecules, Volume 22, September 2017, ePublication
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2013, pages s123-s127
- Journal of Medicinal Food, January 2012, pages 89-95
- International Journal of Dermatology, April 2011, pages 470-477
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
24th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Octane-1,2-diol
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
25th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Alcohols, coco, mixed esters with octanoic and decanoic acids
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
26th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Isohexadecane is a branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with 16 carbons.
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
27th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Isohexadecanol, ethoxylated, propoxylated, acetates (20 mol EO, 2 mol PO average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, pH adjuster
28th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Urea
Hydration
Smooths Bumpy Skin
Evens Skin Tone
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
29th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
L-Cysteine, N-acetyl-S-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl]-
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
30th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Lecithins, hydrogenated
Hydration
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Nanocosmetics, June 2019, pages 95–140
- Current Drug Delivery, 2016, pages 111–120
- Pharmaceutical Research, February 2013, pages 538–55
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
31st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Lecithins. The complex combination of diglycerides of fatty acids linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid
Hydration
5 scientific references
- Cosmetics, November 2020, pages 1-19
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Molecules, March 2020, pages 1-9
- Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, March 2014, pages 1, 093-1, 101
- Scientia Pharmaceutica, July 2013, pages 1, 151-1, 166
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
32nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Mono-2,3-dihydroxypropyl phosphate, esters with long-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
33rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(40hydroxyphenyl)-, (2S)-
Anti-Aging
Hydration
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
34th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
L-Proline, 5-hydroxy-, dihydroxymethylsilyl ester, reaction products with (S)-aminobutanedioic acid
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Peptide
35th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-19 is the reaction product of palmitic acid and Hexapeptide-19
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
36th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Quercus Suber Bark Extract is the extract of the bark of the Oak, Quercus suber, Fagaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Peptide
37th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Caprooyl Tetrapeptide-3 is the product obtained by the reaction of Caproic Acid and Tetrapeptide-3
Anti-Aging
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Peptide
38th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Oligopeptide-68 is the synthetic peptide containing 12 amino acids consisting of arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, glutamine, isoleucine, leucine, serine, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
39th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid monosodium salt polymer with 2-propenamide
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
40th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate and vinylpyrrolidone monomers
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
41st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
D-Glucoside, Decyl
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
42nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins, hydrolyzed
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
43rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, mono-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs., (Z)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium oleate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
terpolymer of poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) with dimethylaminoprpylamine and methoxy-PEG/PPG propylamine
Microplastic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dextran
Hydration
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Solvent
48th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Exfoliant, Preservative
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Salicylic acid
Anti-Acne
Anti-Aging
Blackhead Reducing
10 scientific references
- Experimental Dermatology, July 2019, pages 786-794
- European Commission Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, June 2019, pages 1-70
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, April 2018, pages 245-251
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, January-February 2017, pages 55-58
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, August 2015, pages 455-461
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, November 2010, pages 135-142
- Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, September 2008, pages 170-176
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, April 2007, pages 651-663
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, February 2000, pages 21-52
- Seminars in Dermatology, December 1990, pages 305-308
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Fragrance / colour
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Mica is a series of silicate minerals of varying chemical composition but with similar physical properties. Mica may have well-defined cleavage and split into very thin sheets.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, Texture agent
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Tin dioxide (CI 77861)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silicones and siloxanes, dimethyl, 3-aminopropyl methyl, trimethylsilyl terminated
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3-Methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenyl)-3-buten-2-one; Methyl-gamma-ionone; gamma-Methylionone
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
55th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,7-Dimethyl octa-1,6-diene-3-ol
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
56th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
57th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Paraben
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
58th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Paraben
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
59th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Phenoxyethanol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
60th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Potassium (E,E)-hexa-2,4-dienoate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
61st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Paraben
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
62nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium 1-(3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-2H-pyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
63rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium 4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenolate
Paraben
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
64th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Pigment Red 4 is classed chemically as a monoazo colour. It conforms to the formula:
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Texture agent
65th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Titanium dioxide (CI 77891)
Anti-Aging
10 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, February 2021, pages 532-537
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, June 2020
- Journal of Nanoparticle Research, March 2020
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, November 2019, pages 34-46
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, November 2019, pages 442-446
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September 2019, pages 223-234
- Materials, July 2019, pages 1-24
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine, April 2011, pages 58-67
- Skin Therapy Letter, July-August 2008, pages 5-7
- Environmental and Health Perspectives, July 2008, pages 893
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
66th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-(2-amino-4-nitroanilino)ethanol
Not yet matched to our database
These are printed on the label but have not been linked to an ingredient record yet, so they are excluded from the analysis above.
Parfum/Fragrance