-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Antioxidant, pH adjuster
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Ascorbic acid
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
Evens Skin Tone
12 scientific references
- Drug Delivery, February 2021, pages 445-453
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, December 2020, pages 3, 262-3, 269
- Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, May-August 2020, pages 374-382
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, March 2020, pages 671-676
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, July 2017 pages 14-17
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, July 2016, pages 863-867
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, September 2015, pages 463-470
- Indian Dermatology Online Journal, April-June 2013, pages 143-146
- AAPS PharmSciTech, July 2011, pages 917-923
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, July 2008, Supplement, pages s2-s6
- International Journal of Toxicology, Supplement 2, March 2005, pages 51-111
- Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, July-August 2004, pages 200-206
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Carbonic Acid, Dicaprylyl Ester
Hydration
5 scientific references
- OCL, April 2018, pages 1-10
- Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, July 2017, pages 1, 337–1, 349
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, December 2016, pages 1-50
- https://wwwcir-safetyorg/sites/default/files/dialkyl%20carbonatespdf
- https://wwwulprospectorcom/en/na/PersonalCare/Detail/75/204256/Cetiol-CC
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- PubChem Compound Summary, April 2021, ePublication
- SpecialChem, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, June 2018, pages 1-73
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, May 2013, pages 81-86
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
1,1'-Oxydipropan-2-ol; Oxydipropan-2-ol; Hydroxypropyloxypropanol
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
1,1,5,5,5-Hexamethyl-3-phenyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]trisiloxane
Hydration
Silicone
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2006, pages 1-89
- https://onlinepersonalcarecouncilorg/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/PRNS513pdf
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, June 2003, pages 335-351
- Silicone Surfactants, 1999, page 190
- International Journal of Toxicology, 1986, pages 353-371
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Bis(16-methylheptadecyl) malate
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Texture agent
9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Propene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer
Hydration
4 scientific references
- https://thedermreviewcom/hydrogenated-polyisobutene/
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 59S-90S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, February 2010, pages 81-82
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
ester of hexaglycerol and stearic acid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, octadecanoates (1:2) (2 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-carboxymethyl-.omega.-hydroxy-, C12-14-isoalkyl ethers, sodium salts (7 mol EO average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
pH adjuster
15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium hydroxide
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Stearic acid, monoester with glycerol
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Cosmeticsinfoorg, Accessed November 2021, ePublication
- Drugs in Context, April 2018, pages 1-14
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2007, pages 1–30
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive
17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dimethicone
Hydration
Silicone
7 scientific references
- FDA Code of Federal Regulations, April 2020, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2014, pages 65S-115S
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, May 2014, pages 36-44
- Dermatologic Therapy, May 2012, pages 229-233
- Clinics in Dermatology, May-June 2012, pages 345-348
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, January 2008, pages 19-33
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2000, pages 77-80
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing
18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
(R*,R*)-.alpha.,4-dimethyl-.alpha.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)cyclohex-3-ene-1-methanol;
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (theta,theta)-(+/-)-;
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, alpha,4-dimethyl-alpha-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (S-(theta,theta))- (levomenol)
Soothing
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2019, pages 299-303
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2017, pages 24S-25S
- Cutis, November 2015, pages 337-342
- Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2014, pages 173-181
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, October 2011, pages 2580-2585
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium hydrogen N-(1-oxooctadecyl)-L-glutamate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate, dimethylacrylamide, lauryl methacrylate and laureth-4 methacrylate, crosslinked with trimethylolpropane triacrylate
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Pullulan is a polysaccharide produced from starch by cultivating the yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Soothing
22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Urea, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-
Soothing
8 scientific references
- Chemistry Series, March 2020, pages 7-21
- Molecules, June 2019, pages 1-33
- European Journal of Pharmacology, February 2018, pages 68-78
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, June 2017, Volume 76, Issue 2, Supplement 1
- Pharmacognosy Review, Volume 5, July-December 2011
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2010, Supplement, pages 84S-97S
- Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, October 2008, ePublication
- https://wwwaccessdatafdagov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearchcfm?CFRPart=347&showFR=1
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Soothing
4 scientific references
- Journal or Agricultural and Food Chemistry, June 2010, pages 7013-7020
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, November 2001, pages 1212-1217
- Canadian Family Physician, July 2006, pages 855-856
- Dermatologic Surgery, April 1999, pages 311-315
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- PLoS One, October 2016, ePublication
- Contact Dermatitis, May 2016, pages 281-288
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2013, pages 5S-21S
- Personal Care, 2008, pages 1-4
- Cosmetic Science Technology, 2006, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Xanthan gum
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete, December 2017, pages 987-993
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2014, pages 277-287
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2012, pages 20-23
- DermatoEndocrinology, July-December 2012, pages 253-258
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2011, pages 990-1000
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol
Hydration
Soothing
7 scientific references
- The Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2019, pages 534-547
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, January 2019, pages 346-354
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, March 2018, pages 1-51
- The Journal of Dermatological Treatment, August 2017, pages 173-180
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2011, pages 361-370
- American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, Volume 3, 2002, pages 427-433
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol monooctadecanoate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycine, N-(N-L-.gamma.-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)-
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2019, pages 728–737
- Clinical Cosmetic and Investigative Dermatology, April 2017, pages 147-153 and October 2014, pages 267-274
- Nutrients, August 2017, pages 1-27
- DermatoEndocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2011, pages 3, 940-3, 949
- The Dermatologist, October 2011, volume 19, issue 10
- Journal of Dermatologic Science, May 2010, pages 85-90
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine, October 1994, pages 333-349
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ester of hexaglycerol and behenic acid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Nobilis Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Mandarin Orange, Citrus nobilis, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lycopodium Clavatum Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Club Moss, Lycopodium clavatum L., Lycopodiaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Soothing, Plant extract
33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Equisetum Arvense Extract is an extract of the sterile caules of the Horsetail, Equisetum arvense L., Equisetaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
beta-Glucan is a polysaccharide consisting of b(1-3) linked glucose chains carrying b(1-6) linked glucose sidechains
Soothing
Hydration
6 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, December 2018, pages 1, 101-1, 107
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, September 2017, pages 1-48
- Phytotherapy Research, February 2014, pages 159-166
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2012, pages 1-52
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, February 2007, pages 167-170
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, October 2005, page 292
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
35th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cupressus Sempervirens Leaf/Stem Extract is an extract of the leaves and stems of the Cypress, Cupressus sempervirens L., Pinaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
36th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine
Soothing
8 scientific references
- PubChem, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, September 2020, pages 1-38
- Experimental Dermatology, August 2014, pages 553-554
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, August 2011, pages 526-546
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2006, pages 447-451
- British Journal of Pharmacology, October 2008, issue 4, pages 475-486
- PloS One, May 2008 (ePublication)
- >International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2006, pages 447-451
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing, Plant extract, Preservative
37th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hedera Helix Leaf/Stem Extract is an extract of the leaves and stems of the Ivy, Hedera helix L., Araliaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
38th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Aurantium Bergamia Fruit Oil is the psoralen-free volatile oil obtained from the fruit of Citrus aurantium L. var. bergamia, Rutaceae; Oils, bergamot; bergamot oil bergaptene free
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
39th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ribes Nigrum Leaf Extract is an extract obtained from the leaves of the Black Currant, Ribes nigrum L., Saxifragaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
40th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil is the volatile oil obtained from the berries of the Litsea cubeba, Lauraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
41st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
42nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
43rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Methylpropan-2-ol
Alcohol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
D-Glucitol
Hydration
7 scientific references
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, January 2019, pages 175–183
- Clinical Medicine and Research, January 2017, pages 75–87
- Frontiers in Microbiology, December 2017, ePublication
- 3 Biotech, June 2012, pages 115-125
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, August 2011, pages 31-49
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, July-September 2004, pages 321-336
- https://wwwcir-safetyorg/sites/default/files/Mannitol, %20Sorbitol, %20Xylitol_0pdf
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate;
Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 34-35
- Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 2014, pages 43-48
- International Journal of Toxicology, January 2003, pages 4-5
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, January 2000, pages 79-98
- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, August 1985, pages 303-311
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hippophae Rhamnoides Water is the aqueous solution of the steam distillates obtained from the whole plant of the Sea Buckthorn, Hippophae rhmanoides L, Elagnaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Helianthus Annuus Seed Oil is the oil expressed from the seeds of the Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., Compositae
Anti-Aging
Hydration
4 scientific references
- Pediatric Dermatology, August 2018, ePublication; and January-February 2013, pages 42-50
- Chemicke Zvesti, May 2018, pages 2, 607-2, 615
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, December 2017, ePublication
- Dermatology, October 2014, pages 230-239
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
48th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sucrose stearate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
.beta.,.beta.-carotene
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl ether
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
L-Arginine
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Biobased Surfactants (Second Edition), 2019, pages 413-445
- Scientific Reports, February 2016, pages 1-10
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2012, pages 1-35
- Journal of Advanced Research, July 2010, pages 169–177
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, April 2005, page 139
- Wound Repair and Regeneration, November-December 2003, pages 419-423
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, Texture agent
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Microcrystalline Cellulose is the isolated, colloidal crystalline portion of cellulose fibers.
Anti-Aging
3 scientific references
- 3 Biotech, June 2021, pages 1-13
- IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, March 2017, pages 1-5
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, March 2009, pages 1-49
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-(3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-tetracontadecaenyl)-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl-, (all-E)-
Anti-Aging
Soothing
6 scientific references
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine, March 2021, pages 282-288
- Biofactors, November-December 2015, pages 383-390; 2008, pages 245-255; and 2005, pages 179-185
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, March 2006, issue 1, pages 30-38
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2005, issue 4, pages 12-13
- Journal of Dermatological Science, August 2001, Supplement, pages 1-4
- https://wwwcir-safetyorg/sites/default/files/Ubiquinonepdf
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant, Plant extract
55th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Terminalia ferdinandiana, Combretaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
56th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Myrciaria Dubia Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of Myrciaria dubia, Myrtaceae
Anti-Aging
1 scientific reference
- Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, January 2015, pages 8-15
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
57th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Invert sugar; the product of hydrolysis of sucrose. It consists mainly of glucose and fructose
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
58th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 7-[[6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-, (S)-
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
59th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Fructooligosaccharides are oligosaccharides produced enzymatically from sugar beets and consist chiefly of kestose, nystose and fructosyl nystose
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
60th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ammonium, [1-carboxy-2-(2-mercaptoimidazol-4-yl)ethyl]trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L-(+)-
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
7 scientific references
- Experimental Gerontology, December 2022, pages 1–11
- Processes, July 2021, pages 1–13
- Redox Biology, June 2021, pages 1–10
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, March 2021, pages 1–11
- Experimental Cell Research, March 2021, ePublication
- Polymers, January 2021, pages 1–9
- Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020, pages 1–13