-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Dimethicone
Hydration
Silicone
7 scientific references
- FDA Code of Federal Regulations, April 2020, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2014, pages 65S-115S
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, May 2014, pages 36-44
- Dermatologic Therapy, May 2012, pages 229-233
- Clinics in Dermatology, May-June 2012, pages 345-348
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, January 2008, pages 19-33
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2000, pages 77-80
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Plant extract
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Algae Extract is an extract of various species of Algae; Extract of the Seaweed, Fucus vesiculosus, Furaceae
Anti-Aging
Hydration
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Cyclosiloxanes, dimethyl, polymers with dimethyl, methyl hydrogen siloxanes and vinyl-group terminated dimethylsiloxanes
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane; Hydrocarbons, C4, 1,3-butadiene-free, polymd., triisobutylene fraction, hydrogenated
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
6th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
7th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Hexanedioic acid, 3-(2,3-dihydroxypropyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl diester, esters from reaction with a mixture of octanoic, decanoic, isooctadecanoic, octadecanoic and 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acids
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
8th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
9th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Siloxanes and Silicones, dodecyl methyl, 2-trimethylsilylpoly(oxydimethylsilyl)ethyl methyl, dimethyl
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- 1–5%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
10th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–5% of the formula.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate;
Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 34-35
- Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 2014, pages 43-48
- International Journal of Toxicology, January 2003, pages 4-5
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, January 2000, pages 79-98
- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, August 1985, pages 303-311
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
11th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, homopolymer, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
12th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Saccharomyces/Rice Ferment Filtrate is a filtrate of the product obtained by the fermentation of Oryza sativa by the microorganism, Saccharomyces
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive
13th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Octadecanoic acid, mixed triesters with octanoic acid, decanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid and 1,2,3-propanetriol
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
14th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- PubChem Compound Summary, April 2021, ePublication
- SpecialChem, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, June 2018, pages 1-73
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, May 2013, pages 81-86
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
15th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Sesamum Indicum Seed Oil is the oil obtained from the seed of the Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., Pedaliaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
16th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Medicago Sativa Seed Powder is the powder derived from crushed seeds of the Alfa-alfa (Alfalfa), Medicago sativa L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, Texture agent
17th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Helianthus Annuus Seedcake is the residue from the expression of oil from the seedcake of the Sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., Compositae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant
18th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Seed Meal is the residue from the expression of oil from the dried ripe seeds of the Sweet Almond Tree, Prunus amygdalus var. dulcis, Rosaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
19th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Oil is the volatile oil obtained from the fresh leaves of the Eucaluptus, Eucalyptus globulus and other species of Eucalyptus, Myrtaceae. Syn. Yuukari Yu (Japanese)
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Chelator
20th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Sodium gluconate
Hydration
3 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, May/June 2019, pages 5S-38S
- Journals of Materials Research, February 2006, pages 343-348
- https://wwwepagov/sites/production/files/2019-08/documents/support_document_for_proposed_designation_of_d-gluconic_acid_sodium_saltpdf
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
21st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Copper di-D-gluconate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
22nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Calcium gluconate
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
23rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Magnesium digluconate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
24th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
bis(D-Gluconato-O1,O2)zinc
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
25th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
.alpha.-Tocopheryl hydrogen succinate
Anti-Acne
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
26th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid
Anti-Aging
Hydration
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
27th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Sesamum Indicum Seed Powder is the powder obtained from the dried, ground seeds of the Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., Pedaliaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
28th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Lactococcus Ferment Lysate is a lysate of the fermentation product of Lactococcus
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
29th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Laminaria Saccharina Extract is an extract of the thallus of the Alga, Laminaria saccharina, Laminariaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
4 scientific references
- Antioxidants, November 2019, pages 1-17
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2019, pages 1074
- Cosmetics, November 2018, pages 1-41
- International Journal of Food Science & Technology, January 2015, pages 24-31
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
30th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Faex (EU),Yeast Extract (1),Yeast Extract (2),Yeast Extract (3),Yeast Extract (4),Yeast Extract (5)
Anti-Aging
Hydration
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
31st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Glycine Soja Seed is an extract of the Soybean, Glycine soja, Leguminosae
Anti-Aging
Hydration
Evens Skin Tone
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
32nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Seed Extract is an extract of the seeds of the Sweet Almond Tree, Prunus amygdalus var. dulcis, Rosaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
33rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete, December 2017, pages 987-993
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2014, pages 277-287
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2012, pages 20-23
- DermatoEndocrinology, July-December 2012, pages 253-258
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2011, pages 990-1000
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
34th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Rice extract hydrolyzed
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
35th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Pisum Sativum Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Pea, Pisum sativum L., Leguminosae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Plant extract
36th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Bambusa Vulgaris Leaf/Stem Extract is an extract of the leaves and stems of the Bamboo, Bambusa vulgaris, Poaceaea
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Plant extract
37th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Phoenix Dactylifera Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Date Palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., Palmaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
38th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Erythraea Centaurium Extract is an extract of the herb of the Small Centaury, Erythraea centaurium, Gentianaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
39th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Laminaria Digitata Extract is an extract of the Alga, Laminaria digitata, Laminariaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, February 2022, pages 1–16
- Foods, July 2021, pages 1–27
- Marine Drugs, March 2021, pages 1–28 ; and December 2019, pages 1–19
- Cosmetics, August 2020, pages 1–21
- Phytochemical Analysis, November 2017, pages 487–495
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
40th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Crithmum Maritimum Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Rock Fennel, Crithmum maritimum L., Apiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
41st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Crithmum Maritimum Callus Culture Filtrate is a filtrate of a culture of the callus cells of the Rock Fennel, Crithmum maritimum L., Apiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Plant extract
42nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Hordeum Vulgare Extract is an extract of the cereal grass of the Barley, Hordeum vulgare L., Graminae
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
43rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Protein hydrolyzates, wheat germ. Substance obtained by acidic, alkaline, or enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat germ composed primarily of amino acids, peptides, and proteins. It may contain impurities consisting chiefly of carbohydrates and lipids along with smaller quantities of miscellaneous organic substances of biological origin
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
44th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Jania Rubens Extract is an extract of the Seaweed, Jania rubens
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Peptide
45th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Glycine, N-(1-oxohexadecyl)-L-valylglycyl-L-valyl-L-alanyl-L-prolyl-
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Frontiers in Chemistry, October 2020, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2018, pages 90S-102S
- Cosmetics, Volume 4, Issue 16, May 2017, pages 1–17
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, February 2017, pages 73–80
- Biomolecules and Therapeutics, July 2014, pages 321–327
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, June 2005, pages 155–160
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract, Preservative
46th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Soothing
47th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Jojoba Esters is a complex mixture of esters produced by the transesterification/interesterification of Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Oil (q.v.), Hydrogenated Jojoba Oil (q.v.), or a mixture of the two
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- 1–3%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Peptide
48th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 1–3% of the formula.
Alanine, hexapeptide with leucine, lysine and phenylalanine, hexadecanoyl derivatives
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-ol; .alpha.-tocopherol; Vitamin E
Anti-Aging
Evens Skin Tone
Soothing
4 scientific references
- Journal or Agricultural and Food Chemistry, June 2010, pages 7013-7020
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, November 2001, pages 1212-1217
- Canadian Family Physician, July 2006, pages 855-856
- Dermatologic Surgery, April 1999, pages 311-315
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Coffea Arabica Seed Extract is an extract of the beans of the Coffee plant, Coffea arabica L., Rubiaceae
Anti-Aging
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Peat, extract
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Plant extract
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Prunus Persica Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Peach, Prunus persica, Rosaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active, Peptide
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Acetyl hexapeptide-8 is the synthetic peptide consisting of arginine, methionine, and acetylated glutamic acid residues
Anti-Aging
Hydration
6 scientific references
- Cosmetics, November 2020, Issue 7, Volume 4, page 91
- La Clinica Terapeutica, November 2020, pages e539-e548
- https://wwwcir-safetyorg/sites/default/files/AcetylHexapeptide-8pdf
- Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, March 2015, pages 46-52
- European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, February 2015, pages 27-35
- Dermatologic Therapy, September-October 2007, issue 5, pages 343-349
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Plant extract
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Citrus Aurantifolia Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Lime, Citrus aurantifolia, Rutaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
55th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil is the oil extracted from the seeds of the meadowfoam plant, Limnanthes alba, Limnanthaceae.
Hydration
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
56th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Triticum Vulgare Germ Extract is an extract of the germ of the wheat, Triticum vulgare, Gramineae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
57th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
CI 77480
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
58th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Complex aluminum and boron cyclosilicate, containing iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium, sodium, potassium, lithium and fluorine
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
59th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Brassica Campestris Sterols is a mixture of sterols obtained from the Cabbage, Brassica campestris L., Brassicaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Antioxidant
60th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ascorbic acid, monoester with phosphoric acid, magnesium salt (2:3)
Anti-Aging
Hydration
7 scientific references
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, January 2021, pages 333-341
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, July 2017, pages 14-17; and July 2010, pages 20-31
- Annals of Dermatology, February 2016, pages 129-132; and August 2015, pages 376-382
- International Journal of Dermatology, January 2014, pages 93-99
- Indian Dermatology Online Journal, April-June 2013, pages 143-146
- Skin Research and Technology, August 2008, pages 376-380
- International Journal of Toxicology, Supplement 24, 2005, pages 51-111
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
61st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sigesbeckia Orientalis Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Holy Herb, Sigesbeckia orientalis L., Asteraceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
62nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium 5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylate
Hydration
Soothing
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2019, ePublication
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2018, pages 138-144
- IFSCC Conference 2005 Research Paper
- Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, 1995, pages 9-20
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
63rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
64th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hydrolyzed Whey Protein is the hydrolysate of Whey Protein derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
65th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyltetracosane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
9 scientific references
- Cosmetics Ingredient Review, 2019, ePublication
- ACS Open, July 2017, pages 3, 989–3, 996
- Indian Journal of Dermatology, May-June 2016, pages 279-297
- The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, June 2014, pages 25-32
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, January-February 2013, pages 59-66
- Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 2012, pages 223-233
- Molecules, January 2009, pages 540-554
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, November 2006, pages 2, 430-2, 437
- Free Radical Research, April 2002, pages 471-477
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
66th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-benzopyran-6-yl acetate
Anti-Aging
Soothing
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
67th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Tetraacetylphytosphingosine is the tetraester of acetic acid and Phytosphingosine (q.v.)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Soothing
68th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sucrose
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
69th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Trans-1-(1-Oxohexadecyl)-4-[(1-oxohexadecyl)oxy]-L-proline
Hydration
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
70th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Oils, vegetable, hydrogenated
Hydration
2 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed January 2022, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2017, pages 51S-129S
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant, Texture agent
71st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cholest-5-en-3-ol (beta)-
Hydration
Anti-Aging
4 scientific references
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, August 2015, pages 1-6
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2007, pages 239-242
- Journal of Structural Biology, June 2007, pages 386-400
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2006, pages 1-89
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
72nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
alpha-D-Glucopyranoside, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl
Hydration
7 scientific references
- Cosmetics, October 2019, pages 1-10
- Cell Death & Disease, July 2019, pages 1-16
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2019, pages 5S-38S
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, February 2018, pages 2, 965-2, 976
- Journal of Applied Polymer Science, May 2017, pages 1-6
- Biomedical Reports, September 2014, pages 755-759
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, June 2011, pages 2, 020-2, 053
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Surfactant, Solvent
73rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Bis-Peg-18 Methyl Ether Dimethyl Silane is a dimethyl silane ethoxylated methyl diether containing an average of 36 moles of ethylene oxide
Hydration
3 scientific references
- https://cosmeticsspecialchemcom/inci-ingredients/bis-peg-18-methyl-ether-dimethyl-silane
- International Journal of Toxicology, September-October 2013, pages 56S-64S
- https://wwwcosmeticsandtoiletriescom/formulating/function/feelenhancer/112899654html
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Solvent
74th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
.Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-, (8 mol EO average molar ratio)
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
75th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Alcohols, coco, mixed esters with octanoic and decanoic acids
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Peptide
76th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, pH adjuster
77th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Urea
Hydration
Smooths Bumpy Skin
Evens Skin Tone
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Texture agent
78th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Propene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer
Hydration
4 scientific references
- https://thedermreviewcom/hydrogenated-polyisobutene/
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 59S-90S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, February 2010, pages 81-82
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
79th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Isohexadecane is a branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon with 16 carbons.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
80th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Olean-12-en-29-oic acid, 3-hydroxy-11-oxo-, (3.beta., 20.beta.)-
Soothing
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
81st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Octane-1,2-diol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
82nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- PLoS One, October 2016, ePublication
- Contact Dermatitis, May 2016, pages 281-288
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2013, pages 5S-21S
- Personal Care, 2008, pages 1-4
- Cosmetic Science Technology, 2006, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
83rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
84th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,33,36-Dodecaoxaoctatetracontan-1-ol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
85th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, mono-9-octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivs., (Z)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
86th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2,3-Propanetriol, homopolymer, dodecanoates (1:1) (10 mol glycerol average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
87th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate and vinylpyrrolidone monomers
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
88th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid monosodium salt polymer with 2-propenamide
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
89th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins, hydrogenated
Hydration
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Nanocosmetics, June 2019, pages 95–140
- Current Drug Delivery, 2016, pages 111–120
- Pharmaceutical Research, February 2013, pages 538–55
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
90th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan oleate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
91st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Potassium chloride
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
92nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins. The complex combination of diglycerides of fatty acids linked to the choline ester of phosphoric acid
Hydration
5 scientific references
- Cosmetics, November 2020, pages 1-19
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Molecules, March 2020, pages 1-9
- Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, March 2014, pages 1, 093-1, 101
- Scientia Pharmaceutica, July 2013, pages 1, 151-1, 166
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
93rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium chloride
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
94th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silica, reaction products with trimethylsilane
Hydration
Microplastic
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
95th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-(N,N,N-Trimethylamino)ethyl 2-(2-methyl-2-propenoyloxy)ethyl phosphate inner salt, polymer with butyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
96th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer
Silicone
Microplastic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, Texture agent
97th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silicon dioxide
Oil Control
6 scientific references
- Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, July 2021, page 10, 2437
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2019, pages 1-34
- Nanomedicine, August 2019, pages 2, 243-2, 267
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2016, pages 1, 201-1, 205
- European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, January 2015, pages 116-125
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, April 2015, pages 36-45
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
98th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, polymer with tetrahydro-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one, reaction products with 1,6-diisocyanatohexane
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
99th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polymer formed by hydrolysis and condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane
Microplastic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
100th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Barium sulphate
Sulfate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
pH adjuster
101st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium hydrogenorthophosphate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
pH adjuster
102nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Potassium dihydrogenorthophosphate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, pH adjuster
103rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium carbonate
Oil Control
8 scientific references
- Oil-Absorbing Ingredients
- Help for Oily Skin
- Salicylic Acid for Skin
- How BHA Exfoliants Work
- Which BHA Exfoliant is Right for Me?
- Niacinamide Benefits: What Does Niacinamide Do for Skin?
- The Best Toners for Oily Skin
- The Best Moisturizers for Oily, Acne-Prone Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
104th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glucosamine hydrochloride
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Solvent
105th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Solvent, Preservative
106th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Triacetin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
107th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-2,5-di-O-methyl-D-glucitol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent, Preservative
108th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Alcohol Denat. is ethyl alcohol that is denatured with one or more denaturing agents in accordance with the national legislation of each European Community (EU) country.
Alcohol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
109th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Parfum is a term for ingredient labelling used to identify that a product contains a material or a combination of materials normally added to a cosmetic to produce or to mask a particular odour. According to Article 19 of the Cosmetics Regulation, 'Perfume and aromatic compositions and their raw materials shall be referred to by the terms ‘parfum’ or ‘aroma’. '
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent, Fragrance / colour
110th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1-Methyl-4-Isopropenylcyclohexene; dipentene
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
111th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,7-Dimethyl octa-1,6-diene-3-ol
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
112th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
113th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
7-Hydroxycitronellal
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Fragrance / colour
114th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,6-Octadien-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, (2E)-
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Plant extract
115th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lavandula Stoechas Flower/Stem Extract is the extract of the flowers and stems of the Roman Lavender, Lavandula Stoechas L., Lamiaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
116th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Pelargonium Graveolens Flower Oil is the volatile oil obtained from the flowers of the Bourbon Geranium, Pelargonium graveolens (L.), Geraniaceae
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
117th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Terpineol; p-Menthenol (mixed isomers)
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
118th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
119th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
3,7-Dimethyl octa-1,6-diene-3-yl acetate
Allergen
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
120th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
121st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
122nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Phenoxyethanol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
123rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Potassium (E,E)-hexa-2,4-dienoate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
124th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
125th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium benzoate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
126th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Fragrance / colour
127th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Mica is a series of silicate minerals of varying chemical composition but with similar physical properties. Mica may have well-defined cleavage and split into very thin sheets.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
128th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Bismuth nitrate, basic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
129th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Iron Powder is the element consisting of powdered metallic iron
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Texture agent
130th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Titanium dioxide (CI 77891)
Anti-Aging
10 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, February 2021, pages 532-537
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, June 2020
- Journal of Nanoparticle Research, March 2020
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, November 2019, pages 34-46
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, November 2019, pages 442-446
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September 2019, pages 223-234
- Materials, July 2019, pages 1-24
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine, April 2011, pages 58-67
- Skin Therapy Letter, July-August 2008, pages 5-7
- Environmental and Health Perspectives, July 2008, pages 893