-
Estimated level
- 30–80%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
1st on the list, which puts it at an estimated 30–80% of the formula.
Aqua (EU),Deionized Water,Distilled Water,Micromatrix Fractile AN,Onsen-Sui (JPN),Purified Water
Hydration
3 scientific references
- Skin Research and Technology, May 2015, pages 131-136
- Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology, November-December 1999, pages 344-351
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September-October 1993, pages 249-262
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent, Solvent
2nd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Butane-1,3-diol (CAS No. 107-88-0/ EC No. 203-529-7)
(R)-(-)-butane-1,3-diol” (CAS No. 6290-03-5/ EC No. 228-532-0)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- CosmeticsInfoorg, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- US Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations</em>, Accessed March 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2011, pages 5S-16S
- Skin Research and Technology, November 2007, pages 417-24
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, September 1985, pages 223-248
-
Estimated level
- 5–20%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Occlusive, Texture agent, Solvent
3rd on the list, which puts it at an estimated 5–20% of the formula.
Glycerine ;Glycerol (INN); Glycerol (RIFM); Glycerolum (EP); Glycyl Alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, March 2021, pages 223-231
- International Journal of Toxicology, November/December 2019, Volume 38, Supplement 3, pages 6S-22S
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2016, ePublication
- British Journal of Dermatology, July 2008, pages 23-34
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2007, pages 75-82
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2003, pages 7, 360-7, 365
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
4th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is a gentle skincare active that repairs the skin barrier, calms redness, controls oil and evens tone at 2–5%. Official IUPAC name: **3-Pyridinecarboxamide**
Soothing
Anti-Aging
Pore Minimizer
15 scientific references
- International Journal of Dermatology, February 2021, pages 166-173
- Biomolecules & Therapeutics, July 2019, pages 562-569
- Experimental Dermatology, February 2019, pages 15-22
- Dermatologic Therapy, September 2017, ePublication
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, May 2017, page S116
- International Journal of Pharmaceutics, March 2017, pages 158-162
- Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America, May 2016, pages 145-152
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, July 2015, pages 405-412
- Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, June 2014, pages 311-315
- International Journal of Pharmacy, January 2013, pages 192-201
- Dermatoendrocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2005, pages 1-31
- Dermatologic Surgery, July 2005, pages 860-865
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, October 2004, pages 231-238
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2004, pages 88-93
-
Estimated level
- 2–10%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — INCI order above the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
5th on the list, which puts it at an estimated 2–10% of the formula.
2-Methyl-1,3-propanediol
Hydration
3 scientific references
- PubChem, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, June 2018, pages 1-73
- Contact Dermatitis, September 2017, pages 159-162
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
6th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Texture agent
7th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Methanaminium, 1-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, 2018, pages 28S-46S
- Food Science and Biotechnology, October 2017, pages 1391-1397
- The Journal of Chemical Physics, June 2015, ePublication
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, September 2004, pages 539-549
- Skin Research and Technology, February 2003, pages 50-58
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
8th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-,p-Hydroxyacetophenone
Anti-Aging
Hydration
4 scientific references
- Journal of Oleo Science, February 2019, pages 183-191
- Applied Environmental Microbiology, June 2018, ePublication
- Journal of Biosciences, May-June 2004, pages 345-353
- Scientific Reports, April 2021, pages 1–7
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
9th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-; dl-Panthenol
Hydration
Soothing
7 scientific references
- The Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2019, pages 534-547
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, January 2019, pages 346-354
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, March 2018, pages 1-51
- The Journal of Dermatological Treatment, August 2017, pages 173-180
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2011, pages 361-370
- American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, Volume 3, 2002, pages 427-433
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
10th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,3-dihydroxypropane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- PubChem Compound Summary, April 2021, ePublication
- SpecialChem, Accessed April 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, June 2018, pages 1-73
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, May 2013, pages 81-86
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
11th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.''-1,2,3-propanetriyltris-.omega.-hydroxy-, esters with 5-oxo-L-proline and isooctadecanoic acid (25 mol EO average molar ratio)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Texture agent
12th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
C10-30 alkyl propenoate, polymer with propenoic acid, butenoic acidand/or alkyl propenoates, product with propenyl sucrose ether or propenyl 2,2-dihydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol
Synthetic polymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
13th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
L-Arginine
Hydration
Anti-Aging
6 scientific references
- Biobased Surfactants (Second Edition), 2019, pages 413-445
- Scientific Reports, February 2016, pages 1-10
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2012, pages 1-35
- Journal of Advanced Research, July 2010, pages 169–177
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, April 2005, page 139
- Wound Repair and Regeneration, November-December 2003, pages 419-423
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
14th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)
Hydration
5 scientific references
- PLoS One, October 2016, ePublication
- Contact Dermatitis, May 2016, pages 281-288
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2013, pages 5S-21S
- Personal Care, 2008, pages 1-4
- Cosmetic Science Technology, 2006, pages 1-11
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Chelator
15th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Disodium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Chelator
16th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
D-Glucono-1,5-lactone
Evens Skin Tone
Anti-Aging
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Chelator, pH adjuster
17th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Trisodium citrate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
18th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 4-(aminomethyl)-, trans-
Dark Spot Fading
Evens Skin Tone
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, February 2021, pages 561-565
- International Journal of Medical Sciences, March 2020, pages 903-911
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, April 2019, pages 563-567
- Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery, January-March 2019, pages 63-67; and July-August 2013, pages 139-143
- BioMed Research International, November 2018, ePublication
- Dermatologic Surgery, June 2018, pages 814-825
- Dermatology and Therapy, September 2017, pages 417-424
- Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, August 2014, pages 753-757
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
19th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid
Anti-Aging
Hydration
5 scientific references
- Journal of Evidence-Based, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, October 2017, pages 816-823
- Journal of Medicinal Food, October 2016, pages 1, 172-1, 179
- Nutrition Journal, July 2013, ePublication
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 2011, issue 9, pages 990-1000
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, March 2009, pages 38-43
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
20th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid is the hydrolysate of Hyaluronic Acid derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
21st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium, salt
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
5 scientific references
- Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete, December 2017, pages 987-993
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, July 2014, pages 277-287
- Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, October 2012, pages 20-23
- DermatoEndocrinology, July-December 2012, pages 253-258
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, September 2011, pages 990-1000
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
22nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane (98;67)
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
23rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Eriobotrya Japonica Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Loquat, Eriobotrya japonica, Rosaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
24th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Mentha Viridis Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Garden Mint (spearmint), Mentha viridis L., Labiatae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant
25th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3,23-trihydroxy-, O-6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2alpha, 3beta, 4alpha)-
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
26th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
(2.alpha.,3.beta.,4.alpha.)-2,3,23-Trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
27th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2,3,6,23-tetrahydroxy-, (2alpha,3beta,4alpha,6beta)-
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Soothing
28th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Urea, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)-
Soothing
8 scientific references
- Chemistry Series, March 2020, pages 7-21
- Molecules, June 2019, pages 1-33
- European Journal of Pharmacology, February 2018, pages 68-78
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, June 2017, Volume 76, Issue 2, Supplement 1
- Pharmacognosy Review, Volume 5, July-December 2011
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2010, Supplement, pages 84S-97S
- Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, October 2008, ePublication
- https://wwwaccessdatafdagov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearchcfm?CFRPart=347&showFR=1
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
29th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycine, N-(N-L-.gamma.-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl)-
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, June 2019, pages 728–737
- Clinical Cosmetic and Investigative Dermatology, April 2017, pages 147-153 and October 2014, pages 267-274
- Nutrients, August 2017, pages 1-27
- DermatoEndocrinology, July 2012, pages 308-319
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2011, pages 3, 940-3, 949
- The Dermatologist, October 2011, volume 19, issue 10
- Journal of Dermatologic Science, May 2010, pages 85-90
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine, October 1994, pages 333-349
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Preservative
30th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
4-Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
Soothing
6 scientific references
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, February 2022, pages 103–117
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, December 2020, pages 3, 280–3, 285
- Journal of Biomolecular Research and Therapeutics, December 2018, pages 1–3
- Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, July 2016, pages 863–868
- Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, August 2015, pages 7, 032–7, 040
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, February 2011, page AB22
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active, Exfoliant, Preservative
31st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Salicylic acid
Anti-Acne
Anti-Aging
Blackhead Reducing
10 scientific references
- Experimental Dermatology, July 2019, pages 786-794
- European Commission Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety, June 2019, pages 1-70
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, April 2018, pages 245-251
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, January-February 2017, pages 55-58
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, August 2015, pages 455-461
- Clinical, Cosmetic, and Investigational Dermatology, November 2010, pages 135-142
- Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, September 2008, pages 170-176
- Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, April 2007, pages 651-663
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, February 2000, pages 21-52
- Seminars in Dermatology, December 1990, pages 305-308
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
32nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium salt, polymer with 1,1'-sulfonylbis[ethene]
Hydration
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
33rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Gardenia Florida Fruit Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Cape Jasmine, Gardenia Florida L., Rubiaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
34th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dextrin
Oil Control
8 scientific references
- Oil-Absorbing Ingredients
- Help for Oily Skin
- Salicylic Acid for Skin
- How BHA Exfoliants Work
- Which BHA Exfoliant is Right for Me?
- Niacinamide Benefits: What Does Niacinamide Do for Skin?
- The Best Toners for Oily Skin
- The Best Moisturizers for Oily, Acne-Prone Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Chelator
35th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
L-Aspartic acid, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbis-, trisodium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract, Texture agent
36th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Zea Mays Kernel Extract is an extract of the kernels of the Corn, Zea mays L., Poaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent, Solvent
37th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,1'-Oxydipropan-2-ol; Oxydipropan-2-ol; Hydroxypropyloxypropanol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
38th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Lecithins, hydrogenated
Hydration
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 5S-25S
- Nanocosmetics, June 2019, pages 95–140
- Current Drug Delivery, 2016, pages 111–120
- Pharmaceutical Research, February 2013, pages 538–55
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
39th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
ester of decaglycerol and oleic acid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing, Plant extract, Preservative
40th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hedera Helix Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Ivy, Hedera helix L., Araliaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
41st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Fructan is a homopolymer of fructose
Hydration
Soothing
7 scientific references
- PersonalCareCouniclorg, Accessed January 2023, ePublication
- SpecialChem (supplier info), Accessed January 2023, ePublication
- Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, September 2022, pages 1, 373-1, 381
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, January 2021, pages 769-784
- Polish Journal of Chemical Technology, 2019, pages 44-49
- PLOS One, July 2016, pages 1-24
- Proceedings of the SCSK (Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea) Conference, 2003, pages 700-718
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
42nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glucose
Hydration
4 scientific references
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, March 2020, pages 1–13
- Foods, March 2019, pages 1–27
- Nature Medicine, May 2018, pages 617–627
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, September 2003, pages 1, 224–1, 228
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
43rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Chinese Peony, Paeonia suffruticosa, Ranunculaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
44th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Portulaca Oleracea Extract is an extract of the whole plant of the Purselane, Portulaca oleracea L., Portulacaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
Hydration
6 scientific references
- Food Chemistry, August 2019, pages 239-245
- Journal of Pharmacopuncture, March 2019, pages 7-15
- Antioxidants, August 2017, pages 1-9
- American Journal of Translational Research, May 2016, pages 2, 138-2, 148
- BioMed Research International, January 2015, pages 1-11
- Journal of Ethnopharmacology, July 2001, pages 171–176; and December 2000, pages 445-451
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
45th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of Artemisia princeps, Compositae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive, Plant extract
46th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Rhodiola Rosea Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Rhodiola rosea, Crassulaceae
Anti-Acne
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
47th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Decanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate;
Glycerides, mixed decanoyl and octanoyl
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Toxicology, September 2020, pages 34-35
- Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering, 2014, pages 43-48
- International Journal of Toxicology, January 2003, pages 4-5
- Food and Chemical Toxicology, January 2000, pages 79-98
- Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, August 1985, pages 303-311
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
48th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,1,1,3,5,5,5-Heptamethyl-3-(trimethylsilyloxy)trisiloxane
Hydration
Silicone
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
49th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
C14-22 Alcohols is a mixture of synthetic fatty alcohols with 14 to 22 carbons in the alkyl chain
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
50th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polymer formed by hydrolysis and condensation of methyltrimethoxysilane
Microplastic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
51st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate and vinylpyrrolidone monomers
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
52nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
C12-20 Alkyl Glucoside is the product obtained by the condensation of C12-20 alcohols with glucose
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Plant extract
53rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate is a filtrate of the product obtained by the fermentation of the microorganism Galactomyces
Anti-Aging
Dark Spot Fading
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
54th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Coptis Japonica Root Extract is an extract of the roots of Coptis japonica, Ranunculaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Solvent
55th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,2-Dihydroxypentane
Hydration
4 scientific references
- https://thedermreviewcom/pentylene-glycol/
- Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, July 2017, pages 106-111
- Prospector, June 2015, ePublication
- International Journal of Toxicology, October 2012, pages 147S-168S
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
56th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Bifida Ferment Lysate is a lysate of the product obtained by the fermentation of Bifida
Hydration
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient
57th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Octane-1,2-diol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
58th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dimethylsilanol Hyaluronate is the ester of dimethylsilanol and hyaluronic acid.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
59th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate is the hydrolysate of Sodium Hyaluronate derived by acid, enzyme or other method of hydrolysis
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Active
60th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, potassium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive
61st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)propyl chloride derivatives
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant
62nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hyaluronic acid, sodium salt, compd. with dimethylsilanediol
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Active
63rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sodium Acetylhyaluronate
Hydration
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Preservative
64th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters
Hydration
3 scientific references
- The University of Toledo, May 2020, ePublication
- Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Medicine in Nis, December 2013, pages 193-200
- International Journal of Toxicology, November-December 2012, pages 342-372
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
65th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Diisopropyl sebacate
Hydration
8 scientific references
- Supercharged Hydration
- How Hyaluronic Acid Benefits Skin
- What is Dehydrated Skin & How to Choose the Best Products
- What Your Moisturizer Must Contain
- Moisturizer Myths You Should Stop Believing Now
- The Benefits of Glycerin in Skin Care
- The Best Face Oils for Skin
- How Facial Oils Help Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Occlusive, Solvent
66th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dibutyl adipate
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
67th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Benzoic acid, 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltriimino)tris-,tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester; octyl triazone
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
68th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,2'-[6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl]bis[5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-phenol]
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
69th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,2'-Methylene-bis-(6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol)
Anti-Aging
8 scientific references
- 5 Super Anti-Aging Antioxidants Your Skin Needs
- How to Keep Your Neck & Chest Looking Young
- Acne & Aging Skin
- How to Diminish Uneven Skin Tone and Get Your Glow Back
- What Are Peptides and What Do They Do for Skin?
- The Truth About Firming Creams
- Top 5 Reasons to Add Antioxidants to Your Skin Care Routine
- Anti-Aging Superstars
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Exfoliant, Texture agent
70th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silicon dioxide
Oil Control
6 scientific references
- Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, July 2021, page 10, 2437
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, October 2019, pages 1-34
- Nanomedicine, August 2019, pages 2, 243-2, 267
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2016, pages 1, 201-1, 205
- European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, January 2015, pages 116-125
- Cosmetics & Toiletries, April 2015, pages 36-45
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Texture agent
71st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Titanium dioxide (CI 77891)
Anti-Aging
10 scientific references
- Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, February 2021, pages 532-537
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, June 2020
- Journal of Nanoparticle Research, March 2020
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, November 2019, pages 34-46
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine, November 2019, pages 442-446
- Journal of Cosmetic Science, September 2019, pages 223-234
- Materials, July 2019, pages 1-24
- Photodermatology, Photoimmunology, and Photomedicine, April 2011, pages 58-67
- Skin Therapy Letter, July-August 2008, pages 5-7
- Environmental and Health Perspectives, July 2008, pages 893
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Texture agent
72nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Docosan-1-ol
Hydration
5 scientific references
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, April 2017, pages 206-216
- International Journal of Toxicology, May 2014, pages 77-142
- Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, March 2010, Volume 11, pages 853-860
- Journal of the American College of Toxicology, 1988, pages 1-55
- CosmeticsInfoorg, ePublication
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter
73rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Benzoic Acid, 2-[4-(Diethylamino)-2-Hydroxybenzoyl]-, Hexyl Ester
Anti-Aging
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
74th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1-hexadecanol, phosphate, potassium salt
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant
75th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Sorbitan, isooctadecanoate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
76th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Ultramarines (blue, green, pink, red and violet) are synthetic pigments composed of complex sodium aluminum sulfosilicates having a typical formula Na(AlSiO)S with proportions of each element varying with each colour. To identify the colorant allowed for use in the European Union (EU), the INCI Name CI 77007 must be used.
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
77th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polymer of acrylic acid ester and C10-30 alcohol
Microplastic
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Surfactant
78th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Octanoic acid, monoester with glycerol
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
79th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
D-Glucoside, Decyl
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
80th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2,2-Dimethyl-2-(2'-propenamido)ethanesulfonic acid, sodium salt, homopolymer
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Surfactant, Texture agent
81st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Xanthan gum
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
82nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer is a crosslinked dimethyl siloxane polymer (silicone elastomer) that is formed by the reaction between Hydrogen Dimethicone or Bis-Hydrogen Dimethicone, and Vinyl Dimethicone or Bis-Vinyldimethicone.
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
83rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Siloxanes and silicones, di-Me, crosspolymers with C3-20 alkyl groups
Silicone
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
pH adjuster
84th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Texture agent
85th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Silane, triethoxyoctyl-
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Emollient, Occlusive, Texture agent
86th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Aluminium hydroxide
Oil Control
8 scientific references
- Oil-Absorbing Ingredients
- Help for Oily Skin
- Salicylic Acid for Skin
- How BHA Exfoliants Work
- Which BHA Exfoliant is Right for Me?
- Niacinamide Benefits: What Does Niacinamide Do for Skin?
- The Best Toners for Oily Skin
- The Best Moisturizers for Oily, Acne-Prone Skin
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
87th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine
Soothing
8 scientific references
- PubChem, Accessed May 2021, ePublication
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review, September 2020, pages 1-38
- Experimental Dermatology, August 2014, pages 553-554
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology, August 2011, pages 526-546
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science, December 2006, pages 447-451
- British Journal of Pharmacology, October 2008, issue 4, pages 475-486
- PloS One, May 2008 (ePublication)
- >International Journal of Cosmetic Science, August 2006, pages 447-451
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Soothing
88th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Hamamelis Virginiana Water is an aqueous solution containing natural volatile oils obtained by the distillation of twigs, bark and leaves of of the Witch Hazel, Hamamelis virginiana L., Hamamelidaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Humectant, Solvent
89th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol; Carbitol; Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; DEGEE
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Emollient, Solvent
90th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
2-Octyldodecan-1-ol
Hydration
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
91st on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Glycolipids are mixed substances which contain carbohydrates covalently attached to a lipid
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
92nd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Mixture of sodium and triethanolamine salts of the sulfate ester of C12-13 Pareth-3
Sulfate
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Occlusive, Plant extract
93rd on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Diospyros Kaki Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Kaki, Diospyros kaki L., Ebenaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
94th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Vitis Vinifera Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Grape, Vitis Vinifera L., Vitaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
95th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Carthamus Tinctorius Flower Extract is an extract of the flowers of the Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., Compositae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
96th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Coffea Arabica Seed Extract is an extract of the beans of the Coffee plant, Coffea arabica L., Rubiaceae
Anti-Aging
1 scientific reference
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Antioxidant, Plant extract
97th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Polygonum Cuspidatum Root Extract is an extract of the roots of the Japanese Knotweed, Polygonum cuspidatum, Polygonaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
UV filter, Humectant, Emollient, Occlusive, Antioxidant, Plant extract, Preservative
98th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract is an extract of the leaves of the Tea, Camellia sinensis, Theaceae
Anti-Aging
Soothing
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
99th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Castanea Crenata Shell Extract is an extract of the shell of the chestnut, Castanea crenata, Fagaceae
-
Estimated level
- under 1%
-
Confidence
- Moderate — listed below the 1% line
-
Roles
-
Plant extract
100th on the list, below the 1% line — present at under 1%, which for most ingredients is the level they work at.
Zanthoxylum Piperitum Extract is an extract of the fruit of the Prickly Ash, Zanthoxylum piperitum, Rutaceae